ارزیابی اثرات تغییر کاربری بر شاخصهای کیفی خاک در جنگلهای شهرستان چرداول استان ایلام | ||
| خشک بوم | ||
| دوره 14، شماره 1، فروردین 1403، صفحه 159-171 اصل مقاله (946.49 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.29252/aridbiom.2024.21807.2019 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| میثم صیدی1؛ فرهاد قاسمی آقباش* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسیارشد گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تغییر کاربری اراضی علاوه بر تأثیر فراوانی که بر ویژگیهای خاک دارد میتواند منجر به از بین رفتن بسیاری از کاربردها و عملکردهای خاک شود. بنابراین بررسی در این باره اهمیت زیادی دارد. در این پژوهش ابتدا ضمن بازدید میدانی و شناسایی دقیق منطقه، چهار کاربری جنگل طبیعی، مرتع، زمین کشاورزی و باغ زیتون که از نظر فیزیوگرافی دارای شرایط تقریبا مشابهی بودند، انتخاب شدند. در هر یک از کاربریها 10 نمونه خاک از عمق 0 تا 15 سانتیمتری جمعآوری شد. بافت خاک، وزن مخصوص ظاهری، واکنش خاک، هدایت الکتریکی، ذخیره کربن آلی خاک، نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، فراوانی و بیوماس کرمهای خاکی اندازهگیری شدند. همچنین مقدار ترسیب کربن درختان در دو کاربری جنگل طبیعی و باغ زیتون محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد که بافت خاک در هر چهار کاربری مورد بررسی شنی-لومی بود. از نظر وزن مخصوص ظاهری خاک در سه کاربری کشاورزی (92/1 گرم بر سانتیمترمکعب)، باغ زیتون (76/1 گرم بر سانتیمترمکعب) و جنگل طبیعی (63/1 گرم بر سانتیمترمکعب) اختلاف معنیداری مشاهده نشد. بیشترین و کمترین مقدار واکنش خاک بهترتیب در کاربریهای کشاورزی (77/7) و مرتع (15/7) مشاهده شد. بیشترین مقدار ذخیره کربن خاک در سه کاربری جنگل طبیعی (79/4 تن در هکتار)، کشاورزی (75/4 تن در هکتار) و باغ زیتون (88/3 تن در هکتار) و کمترین آن در مرتع (90/1 تن در هکتار) مشاهده شد. مقادیر نیتروژن و پتاسیم خاک نیز در دو کاربری کشاورزی و باغی بیشتر از کاربریهای جنگل طبیعی و مرتع بود. کمترین مقدار فسفر خاک نیز در کاربری کشاورزی مشاهده شد. مقدار ترسیب کربن درختان در جنگل طبیعی بیشتر از باغ زیتون بود. از نظر شاخصهای زیستی دو کاربری جنگل طبیعی و باغ زیتون وضعیت بهتری داشتند. در کل نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که تغییر کاربری اراضی طبیعی به کشاورزی و باغی باعث ایجاد تغییراتی در ویژگیهای فیزیکی (وزن مخصوص ظاهری خاک)، شیمیایی (ماده آلی، واکنش خاک، عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم) و زیستی (فراوانی و زیستتوده کرمهای خاکی) خاک شده است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اراضی کشاورزی؛ باغها؛ جنگل بلوط غرب؛ خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی؛ کربن آلی؛ ماکروفون خاک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of the effects of land use change on soil quality indicators in the forests of Chardavol city, Ilam province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Meysam Seydi1؛ Farhad Ghasemi Aghbash2 | ||
| 1Master's student, Department of Natural Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Natural Engineering Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The change of land use, in addition to the many effects it has on soil characteristics, can lead to the loss of many uses and functions of soil. Therefore, it is very important to investigate the effects of land use changes on different soil characteristic. In this research, first, while visiting the field and identifying the area in detail, four uses of natural forest, rangeland, agricultural land and olive garden were selected. Then, 10 soil samples were collected from the depth of 0 to 15 cm in each of these uses. Soil texture, bulk density, soil reaction, electrical conductivity, organic matter, soil organic carbon storage, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, abundance and biomass of earthworms were measured. Also, the amount of carbon sequestration of trees in two uses of natural forest and olive garden was calculated. The results showed that the soil texture was sandy-loamy in all four investigated uses. There is not a significant difference in terms of bulk density of soil in three agricultural uses (1.92 g/cm3), olive garden (1.76 g/cm3) and natural forest (1.63 g/cm3). The highest and lowest amount of soil reaction was observed in agricultural (7.77) and rangeland (7.15), respectively. The highest amount of soil carbon storage is in the three uses of natural forest (4.79 tons per hectare), agriculture (4.75 tons per hectare) and olive garden (3.88 tons per hectare) and the lowest in rangeland (1.90 tons per hectare) was observed. The amounts of soil nitrogen and potassium were also higher in agricultural and garden uses than in natural forest and rangeland. The lowest amount of soil phosphorus was also observed in agricultural use. The amount of carbon sequestration of trees in the natural forest was higher than that of the olive garden. In terms of biological indicators, the natural forest and olive garden were in better condition. In general, the results of this research showed that changing the use of natural lands to agriculture and garden lands causes changes in physical (bulk density of soil), chemical (organic matter, soil reaction, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and biological (abundance and biomass of earthworms) characteristics. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Agricultural and garden lands, Western oak forest, Physical and chemical properties, Organic carbon, Soil macrofauna | ||
| مراجع | ||
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