بررسی اثر عمق کاشت بذر گونه قیچ (Zygophyllum atriplicoides) بر خصوصیات رویشی و تراکم نهال در شرایط نهالستان و بانک بذر خاک در عرصه طبیعی | ||
| خشک بوم | ||
| دوره 14، شماره 1، فروردین 1403، صفحه 107-121 اصل مقاله (1.13 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.29252/aridbiom.2024.21235.1998 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مسلم رستم‌پور* 1؛ عفت اکبری2؛ محمد ساغری3 | ||
| 1دانشیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری و عضوگروه پژوهشی خشکسالی و تغییر اقلیم، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 2دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد علوم و مهندسی مرتع-مدیریت مرتع، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کاشت گلدانی یک روش کارآمد و سریع برای احیای بیولوژیک در مناطق خشک است. پژوهش حاضر در دو محیط عرصه (خاک رویشگاه) و نهالستان (گلدان)، اثر عمق دفن بذر به صورت طبیعی و عمق کشت بذر در طرح‌های مرتعکاری را به صورت مصنوعی مورد بررسی قرار داده است. نمونه‌برداری از بانک بذر خاک پس از ریزش بذر در فصل پاییز به روش تصادفی و در زیر تاج پوشش گونه Zygophyllum atriplicoides انجام شد. تعداد 50 نمونه خاک از سه عمق 3-0، 6-3 و 9-6 سانتی‌متر برداشته شد. تراکم بانک بذر به روش ظهور گیاهچه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در نهالستان، بذرها در پنج عمق 1، 2، 3، 4 و 5 سانتی‌متر کاشته شدند. پس از گذشت چهار ماه، نهال‌ها برداشت و ویژگی‌هایی شامل طول ساقه، طول ریشه، وزن تر و خشک ساقه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه، نسبت طول ریشه به طول ساقه، نسبت وزن خشک به تر نهال، محتوای رطوبت نهال، درصد ظهور و شاخص بنیه نهال اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج پژوهش حاضر بیانگر آن است که در بانک بذر خاک رویشگاه مورد مطالعه، تراکم بذر کم است و با افزایش عمق کشت، از تراکم بانک بذر کاسته می‌شود (به ترتیب 5/9، 33/4 و 2/0 پایه در مترمربع). بیشترین تراکم در عمق صفر تا 3 سانتی‌متر مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد که در شرایط گلخانه درصد ظهور نهال قیچ کمتر از ۵۰ درصد است. در عمق کشت ۲ سانتی‌متر بیشترین درصد ظهور نهال (40 درصد)، میزان وزن خشک نهال (gr 21/0) و طول ساقه نهال (cm 67/7) مشاهده شد. در اکثر خصوصیات مورد مطالعه، بین اعماق 1، ۴ و ۵ سانتی‌متر اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود نداشت. نتایج بیانگر آن است که کشت بذر هم در عمق سطحی و هم در اعماق تحتانی تأثیر منفی بر خصوصیات رویشی نهال داشته و برای گونه قیچ عمق کشت 2 سانتی‌متر توصیه می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| احیای بیولوژیک؛ جوانه‌زنی؛ طول گیاهچه؛ قیچ؛ کشت مستقیم بذر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating the effect of seed planting depth of Zygophyllum atriplicoides on vegetative characteristics and plant density at nursery and soil seed bank in the natural habitat | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Moslem Rostampour1؛ Effat Akbari2؛ Mohammad Saghari3 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management and Research Group of Drought and Climate Change, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran. | ||
| 2M.Sc Graduate of Rangeland Science and Engineering-Range Management, Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Transplanting is an effective and rapid method of biological restoration in arid regions. This study examined the effects of natural seed burial depth or artificial seed depth in two environments: field (habitat soil) and nursery (pot). Sampling of the soil seed bank after seed rain was done by a random method and from under the canopy of Zygophyllum atriplicoides. 50 soil samples were taken from three depths of 0-3, 3-6 and 6-9 cm. The density of the seed bank was studied by the seedling emergence method. In the nursery, seeds were sown at five depths of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 cm. After 4 months, characteristics such as stem length, root length, stem fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight, root length to stem length ratio, seedling dry-wet weight ratio, seedling moisture content, emergence percentage and seed vigor index. The results of this study indicate that the seed bank of the entire habitat studied has a low seed density. By increasing the soil depth, the density of the seed bank decreased (9.5, 4.33 and 0.2 seedling/m2, respectively). The highest density was observed at 0-3 cm. The results showed that the percentage of seedling emergence is less than 50% in the nursery. Maximum seedling emergence percentage (40%), seedling dry weight (0.21 g) and seedling stem (7.67 cm) were observed at 2 cm depth. There was no significant difference between the depths of 1, 4 and 5 cm for most characteristics studied. The results indicate that shallow and high depth in seed planting in pots both have a negative effect on the vegetative characteristics of seedlings, and for Zygophyllum atriplicoides, the recommended planting depth is 2 cm. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biological Restoration, Direct Seed Planting, Germination, Seedling Length, Zygophyllum | ||
| مراجع | ||
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