شناسایی و غربالگری راهبردهای توسعه کارآفرینی روستایی در نواحی خشک (مطالعه موردی: بخش رضویه شهرستان مشهد) | ||
| خشک بوم | ||
| دوره 13، شماره 2، مهر 1402، صفحه 159-176 اصل مقاله (1.13 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.29252/aridbiom.2024.20770.1967 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم قاسمی* 1؛ احمد علیخواه2 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 2دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| امروزه مفهوم کارآفرینی روستایی با طرح مباحثی مانند تأمین معیشت، بهره‌وری از منابع، اشتغال‌زایی، توانمندسازی و سایر مباحث جذاب مرتبط با توسعه، نقش برجسته‌ای در ادبیات توسعه روستایی داشته است؛ اما توسعه کارآفرینی روستایی در ایران به‌رغم تلاش‌هایی که صورت گرفته، نهادینه نشده است. از این رو، پژوهش حاضر با هدف‌گذاری کاربردی و با روش تحقیق توصیفی-تحلیلی به شناسایی راهبردهای مطلوب توسعه کارآفرینی در نواحی روستایی خشک می‌پردازد. در این مطالعه از دو ابزار برنامه‌ریزی راهبردی استفاده شد. پرسشنامه تحقیق به کمک 102 نفر که متشکل از کارآفرینان و خبرگان روستایی است، در 11 روستای دارای کارآفرین بخش رضویه شهرستان مشهد که با محدودیت‌های بالای اکولوژیکی مواجه است، تکمیل گردید. بر اساس مطالعات میدانی و اسنادی در بخش رضویه شهرستان مشهد تعداد 17 نقطه قوّت و فرصت به عنوان مزیت و 24 نقطه ضعف و تهدید به عنوان محدودیت و تنگنای پیش روی توسعه کارآفرینی در نواحی روستایی شناسایی شد. نتایج نشان داد در ماتریس SWOT با توجه به 46/2=IFE و 73/2=EFE به‌منظور توسعه کارآفرینی روستایی راهبردهای بازنگری که با به حداقل رساندن ضعف‌ها، سعی در حداکثر استفاده از فرصت‌ها دارند (حداکثر-حداقل) یا WO بهینه شناخته شد. از آنجا که ماتریس تحلیلی SWOT راهبردهای گوناگونی ارائه می‌دهد اما تکنیکی برای اولویت‌ها ارائه نمی‌دهد، از ماتریس QSPM استفاده گردید. لذا در ادامه به کمک این ماتریس بین 12 راهبرد محافظه‌کارانه «راهاندازی مراکز خدمات مشاوره‌ای به منظور ارائه پشتیبانی فکری، فنی و مهارتی با ایجاد جذابیت و منافع مستقیم و غیرمستقیم برای روستاییان» به عنوان راهبرد کانونی در اولویت اول با امتیاز 53/1 قرار گرفت. لذا ضروری است در بازنگری سیاست‌های مرتبط با کارآفرینی، راهاندازی دفاتر فنی، مشاوره‌ای کارآفرینی روستایی مورد توجه قرار گیرد. نتایج این بررسی می‌تواند پایه‌ای برای سیاست‌گذاری مناسب در ارتباط با توسعه کارآفرینی در نواحی روستایی شهرستان مشهد قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| برنامه‌ریزی راهبردی؛ بخش رضویه؛ توسعه کارآفرینی؛ سکونتگاه‌های روستایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Identification and screening of rural entrepreneurship development strategies in dry areas (Case study: Razavieh district of Mashhad County) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Maryam Ghasemi1؛ Ahmad Alikhah2 | ||
| 1Assistant professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 2M.Sc. in Geography and Rural Planning, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Today, the concept of rural entrepreneurship has found a prominent role in the literature of rural development with topics such as livelihood provision, resource efficiency, employment generation, empowerment and other attractive topics related to development. But the development of rural entrepreneurship in Iran has not been institutionalized despite the efforts that have been made. Therefore, the present study identifies the optimal strategies for entrepreneurship development in dry rural areas with practical targeting and descriptive-analytical research method. Two strategic planning tools were used in this study. The research questionnaire was completed with the help of 102 people, which consists of entrepreneurs and rural experts, in 11 villages with entrepreneurs in Razavieh district of Mashhad city, which faces high ecological limitations. Based on field studies and documents, 17 strengths and opportunities were identified as advantages and 24 weaknesses and threats were identified as limitations and bottlenecks in the development of entrepreneurship in rural areas in Razavieh district of Mashhad. The results showed that in the Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Matrix, according to IFE=2.46 and EFE=2.73, in order to develop rural entrepreneurship, there are revision strategies that try to make maximum use of opportunities by minimizing weaknesses (maximum-minimum) or WO was found to be optimal. Since the SWOT analytical matrix provides various strategies but does not provide a technique for priorities, the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix was used. Therefore, with the help of this matrix, among the 12 conservative strategies, "Setting up consulting service centers to provide intellectual, technical and skill support by creating attraction and direct and indirect benefits for the villagers" is placed as the focal strategy in the first priority with a score of 1.53 took Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the establishment of technical and advisory offices of rural entrepreneurship in the review of policies related to entrepreneurship. The results of this study can be a basis for appropriate policy related to the development of entrepreneurship in the rural areas of Mashhad. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Entrepreneurship development, Razavieh district of Mashhad County, Rural settlements, Strategic planning | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 198 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 122 |
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