تحلیل ویژگی‌ها و سایه‌اندازی ایوان‌های خانه‌های قاجاری شهر یزد | ||
| معماری اقلیم گرم و خشک | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 10، شماره 16، اسفند 1401، صفحه 90-112 اصل مقاله (3.29 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ahdc.2023.19010.1684 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آیریا نوروزی لرکی1؛ ژاله صابرنژاد* 2؛ رضا افهمی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری معماری، گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| چکیده: ایوان شاخص‌ترین عنصر معماری خانه‌های یزد است. خانه‌های قاجاری شهر یزد بیشترین نمونه‌های خانه‌های قاجاری دارای ایوان جنوبی را در مقایسه با دیگر شهرهای ایران واقع در اقلیم گرم و خشک دارا هستند. هدف پژوهش، بررسی ویژگی‌های مختلف ایوان و بیان چگونگی سایه‌اندازی آن در خانه‌های قاجاری شهر یزد است. پژوهش درصدد پاسخ‌گویی به سوال‌های ذیل است: ویژگی‌های ایوان در معماری ابنیه‌ی مسکونی یزد در دوره‌ی قاجار چیست؟ - ایوان‌ها در معماری ابنیه‌ی مسکونی یزد در دوره قاجار تحت تأثیر چه عواملی شکل می‌گرفتند؟ - نقش اقلیمی (سایه‌اندازی) ایوان در معماری ابنیه‌ی مسکونی یزد در دوره‌ی قاجار چیست؟ یکی از راهکارهای اقلیمی برای نیل به آسایش حرارتی در شهرهای اقلیم گرم و خشک مانند یزد، استفاده از سایه و کاهش تأثیر تابش خورشید بود. با توجه به شرایط اقلیمی و جهت شکل‌گیری شهر تاریخی یزد، از عنصر ایوان به منظور ایجاد سایه و آسایش حرارتی استفاده می‌کردند. در نتیجه ایوان‌ها در خانه‌های قاجاری یزد به ترتیب تعدد در سمت جنوب‌غربی، جنوب‌شرقی و جنوبی قرار می‌گرفت. این در حالیست که قرارگیری ایوان در ضلع جنوب، بالاترین کارایی و بیشترین سایه‌اندازی در انقلاب تابستانی را دارد و به نظر می‌رسد دلایل دیگری در شکل‌گیری خانه‌های یزد مؤثر بوده که نسبت به سایه‌اندازی ارجحیت داشته است. واژه‌های کلیدی: خانه، ایوان، سایه، یزد، قاجار. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| واژه‌های کلیدی: خانه؛ ایوان؛ سایه؛ یزد؛ قاجار | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Features and shading Analysis of Qajar houses's iwans in Yazd | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Airya Norouzi larki1؛ Jaleh sabernejad2؛ reza afhami3 | ||
| 1Ph.D student, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art & Architecture, Islamic Azad University of South Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor,Faculty of art & architecture, South Tehran branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Faculty of art & architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Abstract: An Iwan is the most prominent architectural element of Yazd houses. Qajar houses in Yazd city have the most examples of Qajar houses with south iwan compared to other cities of Iran located in hot and dry climate. The purpose of this study is to investigate the different characteristics of the iwan and to express how it is shaded in Qajar houses in Yazd. The research seeks to answer the following questions: What are the characteristics of Iwans in the architecture of residential buildings in Yazd during the Qajar period? - What factors influenced the iwans in the architecture of residential buildings in Yazd during the Qajar period? - What is the climatic plan (shading) of the porch in the architecture of residential buildings in Yazd in the Qajar period? One of the climatic solutions to achieve thermal comfort in hot and dry climatic cities such as Yazd was to use shade and reduce the effects of sunlight. Due to the climatic conditions and the formation of the historic city of Yazd, the iwan element was used to create shade and thermal comfort. As a result, the iwans in the Qajar houses of Yazd were located in the southwest, southeast and south, respectively. Meanwhile, the location of the iwan on the south side has the highest efficiency and the most shading in the summer revolution, and it seems that other reasons have been effective in the formation of houses in Yazd, which have taken precedence over shading. Keywords: House, Iwan, Shadow, Yazd, Qajar. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Keywords: House, Iwan, Shadow, Yazd, Qajar | ||
| مراجع | ||
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