ارزیابی کمبود فضای رشد، پایداری و کیفیت درختان کاج الدار و نارون چتری در فضای سبز دانشگاه یزد | ||
| خشک بوم | ||
| دوره 11، شماره 2، اسفند 1400، صفحه 97-108 اصل مقاله (838.32 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.29252/aridbiom.2023.18729.1900 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فهیمه بیات1؛ بهمن کیانی* 2؛ محمد هدایتی آینده3؛ مهران روح نیا4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگلداری، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی مواد و متالوژی، دانشکده مهندسی معدن و متالوژی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران | ||
| 4استاد گروه علوم صنایع چوب و کاغذ، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| طراحی مناسب فضای سبز در مراکز آموزشی باعث افزایش نشاط و تضمین امنیت جانی کاربران از یک طرف و کاهش هزینه ها از سوی دیگر میشود. هدف از این پژوهش برآورد میزان کمبود فضای رشد ریشه و تاج مهم ترین درختان فضای سبز دانشگاه یزد بوده است. ابتدا 124 اصله درخت کاج الدار و 102 اصله درخت نارون چتری به صورت تصادفی در قسمت های مختلف دانشگاه انتخاب و مشخصات ریخت شناسی آنها اندازه گیری شد. از ضریب قدکشیدگی، برای تعیین حساسیت درختان به بادافتادگی استفاده شد. برای تعیین کمبود فضای رشد تاج، مساحت تاج پنج درصد از بزرگ ترین درختان و برای محاسبه کمبود فضای رشد ریشه، از استاندارد بریتانیا استفاده و طبقه بندی فراوانی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد میانگین ضریب قدکشیدگی کاج الدار و نارون چتری، به ترتیب 85/56 و 21/51 بوده و بر اساس طبقه بندیهای موجود، 1/87 درصد درختان کاج الدار و 2/42 درصد درختان نارون چتری در وضعیت پایدار قرار دارند. همچنین 96 درصد درختان نارون و 40/94 درصد درختان کاج الدار فاصله کاشت ناکافی داشته و برای رسیدن به حداکثر ابعاد تاج، فضای کافی در اختیار ندارند. براساس نتایج، 77 درصد درختان کاج الدار و 54 درصد درختان نارون چتری نیز با کمبود فضای رشد ریشه مواجه بودند. بررسی توموگرافی بافت های تنه درختان با تکنولوژی مافوق صوت نشان داد که پوسیدگی فقط در برخی درختان بادشکسته وجود دارد. بر اساس نتایج، تعبیه فضای کافی برای رشد تاج و ریشه ها با هدف کاهش امکان ریشهکنی و همچنین صرفه جویی در هزینه ها، قبل از طراحی محوطه ها و ساخت جداول و پیاده روها توصیه می شود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| بادشکستگی؛ درختکاری؛ ضریب قدکشیدگی؛ فاصله کاشت؛ نسبت تاج | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluating the lack of growing space, stability and quality of Eldar pine and Field elm in Yazd University green space | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fahimeh Bayat1؛ Bahman Kiani2؛ Mohammad Hedayati Ayandeh3؛ Mehran Roohnia4 | ||
| 1M.Sc. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd. Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd. Iran | ||
| 3PhD Student of Material Sciences, Faculty of Mining Engineering and Metallurgy, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran | ||
| 4Professor, Department of Wood and Paper Industry Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Proper designing of green space in educational centers increases vitality and ensures the safety of users and reduces costs. The purpose of this study was to estimate the lack of root and canopy growth space of the most important green space trees of Yazd University. At first 124 pine and 102 elm trees were randomly selected in different parts of the University and their morphological characteristics were measured. The height/diameter coefficient was used to determine the susceptibility to wind-throw. To determine the shortage of canopy growth space, the canopy area of 5% of the largest trees and to calculate the shortage of root growth space, the British standard were used. Then, classification of frequencies was done. Results showed that the mean height coefficient of pine and elm were 56.85 and 51.21 respectively. About 87.1% of the pines and 42.2% of the elms were in a stable condition. About 96% of the elm trees and 94.4% of the pine trees had insufficient planting distance and therefore, do not have enough space to reach the maximum dimensions of the crown. According to the results, 77% of pines and 54% of elm trees lacked root growth space. Tomographic examination via ultrasonic technology showed decay only in some broken trees. Based on the results, it is recommended to assign enough space for the growth of canopies and roots in order to reduce the possibility of uprooting, before designing the planting areas and building curbs and sidewalks. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Arboriculture, crown ratio, planting distance, slenderness coefficient, wind breakage | ||
| مراجع | ||
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