زون‌بندی مخزنی بر اساس دادههای پتروگرافی و پتروفیزیکی (مطالعه موردی: بخش بالایی سازند سروک در یکی از میدان‌های نفتی ناحیه دشت آبادان، جنوب غربی ایران) | ||
| روش های تحلیلی و عددی در مهندسی معدن | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 11، شماره 28، مهر 1400، صفحه 51-69 اصل مقاله (1.57 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/anm.2021.2130 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آراد کیانی1؛ محمد حسین صابری* 1؛ بهمن زارع نژاد2؛ الهام اسدی مهماندوستی3؛ نسیم رحمانی4 | ||
| 1گروه اکتشاف نفت، دانشکده مهندسی نفت، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران | ||
| 2گروه صنایع گاز، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، نفت و گاز، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران | ||
| 3گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4شرکت مهندسی و توسعه نفت، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سازند سروک در کرتاسه میانی به سن آلبین – تورونین با ترکیب سنگشناسی غالب سنگ‌آهک و آهک دولومیتی یکی از مهم‌ترین مخازن نفتی در جنوب غربی ایران به شمار میرود. در این مطالعه به‌منظور ارزیابی کیفیت مخزنی بخش بالایی سازند سروک در یکی از میدان‌های نفتی ناحیه دشت آبادان از نتایج مطالعات مقاطع نازک میکروسکوپی، دادههای تخلخل-تراوایی مغزه و نمودارهای پتروفیزیکی یک چاه استفاده شده است. بر اساس مطالعات مقاطع میکروسکوپی، سازند سروک در 5 کمربند رخسارهای پهنه جزر و مدی، لاگون، پشته سدی، رمپ میانی و رمپ خارجی نهشته شده است. انحلال، شکستگی، سیمانی شدن، تراکم و دولومیتیشدن از مهم‌ترین فرآیندهای دیاژنزی مؤثر بر تغییرات کیفیت مخزنی این سازند به‌حساب میروند. رخسارههای الکتریکی (EF) بر مبنای نمودارهای چاهپیمایی و آنالیز خوشهبندی سلسله‌مراتبی تعیین شده است. با استفاده از روشهای پتروفیزیکی شاخص زون جریانی (FZI) و لورنز اصلاحشده بر مبنای چینهشناسی (SMLP) به ترتیب 5 و 7 واحد جریانی تعیین شد. درنهایت، مطالعات مقاطع میکروسکوپی، رخسارههای الکتریکی و واحدهای جریانی هیدرولیکی در چارچوب زون‌بندی مخزنی به روش لورنز بررسی‌شده و ارتباطات آن‌ها مورد بررسی و تفسیر قرار گرفته است. درنتیجه، رخسارههای دانه پشتیبان مربوط به کمربندهای رخسارهای پشته سدی و رمپ میانی (به سمت خشکی) و فرآیندهای دیاژنزی افزاینده کیفیت مخزنی مانند انحلال و شکستگی بهترین زون‌های مخزنی را تشکیل دادهاند. در طرف مقابل، رخسارههای گل پشتیبان کمربندهای رخسارهای رمپ میانی (به سمت دریای باز) و رمپ خارجی، پهنه جزر و مدی و لاگون و فرآیندهای دیاژنزی کاهنده مانند سیمانیشدن، تراکم و دولومیتیشدن بهعنوان زون‌های ضعیف یا غیر مخزنی معرفی شدهاند. به‌طورکلی رخسارههای رسوبی و بعدازآن دیاژنز، مهم‌ترین عامل کنترلکننده گسترش زون‌های مخزنی در بخش بالایی سازند سروک محسوب میشوند. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه نشان داد که زون‌بندی مخزنی بر اساس روش لورنز اصلاحشده بر مبنای چینهشناسی (SMLP) می‌تواند در تفسیر ناهمگنیهای مخزنی بخش بالایی سازند سروک در مقیاس میدانی مفید باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پتروگرافی؛ زون‌بندی مخزنی؛ کیفیت مخزنی؛ واحدهای جریانی؛ رخسارههای الکتریکی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Reservoir Zonation Based on Petrographic and Petrophysical Data (Case Study: Upper Part of Sarvak Formation in an Oilfield in Abadan Plain, SW Iran) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Arad Kiani1؛ Mohammad Hossein Saberi1؛ Bahman Zare Nejad2؛ Elham Asadi Mehmandosti3؛ Nasim Rahmani4 | ||
| 1Semnan University | ||
| 2petroleum/ Semnan university | ||
| 3Kharazmi University | ||
| 4NIOC | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Summary In this study, results of microscopic studies on thin sections, core porosity data, and petrophysical charts along a well were used to evaluate the reservoir quality of the upper part of the Sarvak Formation in one of the oil fields in Abadan Plain. This research showed that SMLP-based zonation can be applied on a field scale as it could appropriately represent the heterogeneity of the Sarvak reservoir at a large scale. Introduction The main purpose of the study is to investigate the reservoir quality of the upper part of Sarvak Formation in an oilfield within Abadan Plain by analyzing the facies and sedimentary environment, pore system, diagenetic processes, electrofacies, and flow units. To this end, a set of microscopic thin section data, core porosity data, and well logs were employed as input data. The main advantages of the proposed methodology include its ability to predict and justify changes in reservoir quality, its contribution to reservoir modeling and reservoir zonation, and the resultant reduction of the drilling cost in the studied oilfield. Methodology and Approaches The set of input data used in this study included 269 m of drilling cores, 694 thin sections prepared from the cores, porosity-permeability data from 548 core plug samples, and petrophysical logs including gamma, neutron, sonic, density, and resistivity reading at a key well in an oilfield within Abadan Plain, southwestern Iran. Results of petrographic studies (i.e., sedimentary texture, facies belts, diagenetic processes, and pore systems) and electrofacies were incorporated into a framework for identifying the zones introduced by SMLP, and the relationship between them was examined and interpreted. Results and Conclusions Based on the microscopic studies, it was found that the formation was composed of 5 facies belts, namely tidal flat zone, lagoon, shoal, middle ramp, and outer ramp facies were deposited. Dissolution, fracturing, cementation, compaction, and dolomitization were identified as the most important diagenetic processes affecting the reservoir quality in Sarvak Formation. Electrofacies (EF) were determined based on well charts and hierarchical clustering analysis. Using two petrophysical methods, namely, flow zone index (FZI) and stratigraphic modified Lorenz plot (SMLP), we ended up detecting 5 and 7 flow units, respectively. Finally, microscopic analysis of thin sections and investigation of electrofacies and hydraulic flow units in the framework of reservoir zonation by using the SMLP were devised to review the zonations and interpret them appropriately. As a result, the grain-supported facies related to the shoal and the middle ramp environments and the diagenetic processes enhancing the reservoir quality (e.g., dissolution and fracturing) were found to lead to the best-reservoir quality zones. On the other hand, the poor reservoir quality zones were found to be a result of the mud-supported facies of the middle and outer ramp, tidal flat, and lagoon environments, and adverse diagenetic processes such as cementation, compaction, and dolomitization. Results of this study showed that reservoir zonation using the SMLP can be of help in the interpretation of reservoir heterogeneities in the upper part of the Sarvak Formation at the field scale. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| petrography, reservoir zonation, reservoir quality, flow units, electrofacies | ||
| اصل مقاله | ||
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سنگهای کربناته یکی از بهترین و مهم‌ترین مخازن و ذخایر نفتی در جهان محسوب میشوند ]1[. این مخازن در مقابل مخازن ماسهسنگی دارای ناهمگنی و پیچیدگیهای زمینشناسی بیشتری هستند که به‌وضوح در نحوه توزیع تخلخل و تراوایی آن‌ها مشاهده میشود. مدل‌سازی ساختاری و زمینشناسی در مدیریت مخزن برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل ناهمگنی مخزن صورت میگیرد، زیرا ذخیره و جریان سیالات را در محیطهای متخلخل کنترل میکند ]2[. خواص مخزنی توسط فرآیندهای دیاژنزی و رسوبشناسی کنترل میشوند، به همین علت مدل‌سازی مخازن کربناته دشوار است ]3[. ناهمگنی کربناتهها به این صورت است که احتمال دارد قسمتی از سنگ در مرحله رسوب‌گذاری ویژگی مخزنی پیدا کند اما در مرحله دیاژنزی این ویژگی را از دست دهد و یا بالعکس آن به وقوع بپیوندد ]5-4،1[. مطالعه مقاطع نازک میکروسکوپی شامل رخسارههای رسوبی و فرآیندهای دیاژنزی نخستین و اساسی‌ترین قدم در تجزیه‌وتحلیل مخازن کربناته است ]1[. نوع تخلخل، هندسه گلوگاه منافذ، توزیع اندازه حفرهها و تراوایی تحت تأثیر محیطهای رسوبی و فرآیندهای دیاژنزی هستند ]6[. تعیین گونههای سنگی با روشهای مختلف یکی از مراحل شناسایی ویژگیهای مخزنی و پهنه‌بندیمخزنی قلمداد میشود ]7[. دادههای پتروفیزیکی به همراه دادههای زمینشناسی میتوانند اطلاعات جامع و دقیقتری از ویژگیهای مخزنی در اختیار پژوهشگران قرار دهند ]8[. | ||
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