تدوین راهبردهای مدیریتی حفاظت و احیای تالاب جازموریان با استفاده از مدل تصمیمگیری چندمعیارة VIKOR | ||
| کاوش های جغرافیایی مناطق بیابانی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 8، شماره 2، اسفند 1399، صفحه 107-135 اصل مقاله (1.08 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدی فولادی1؛ رسول مهدوی نجف آبادی* 2؛ مرضیه رضایی3؛ حمید مسلمی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی منابع طبیعی-آبخیزداری، دانشکدهی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار مهندسی منابع طبیعی و ژئومورفولوژی، دانشکدهی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار مهندسی منابع طبیعی- بیایان زدایی، دانشکدهی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران | ||
| 4دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدهی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شرایط اکولوژیک خاص و بحرانی تالاب جازموریان از مشکلات جدی زیستمحیطی در منطقه میباشد که لزوم توجه ویژه به این مسئله را میرساند. به منظور حفاظت از تالاب جازموریان، باید مدیریت بهینه منابع و سیاستهای مناسب محیطزیستی اتخاذ گردد. تحقیق حاضر، با هدف تدوین راهبردهای مدیریتی تالاب جازموریان با تاکید بر منابع آبی با استفاده از مدل تصمیمگیری چندمعیاره انجام گرفت. این مطالعه، از نوع ارزیابی– تحلیلی بوده که جمعآوری اطلاعات به صورت کتابخانهای و میدانی بوده است. در این مطالعه، ابتدا، با استفاده از چارچوب DPSIR معیارهای مورد بررسی با نظر به مطالب آمده در چارچوب نظری تدوین گردید؛ سپس، به جهت اولویتبندی راهکارهای مدیریتی حفظ و احیای تالاب از روش، VIKOR استفاده شد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻣﺪل VIKOR، به جهت سنجش و تحلیل سلسلهمراتبی راهکارهای مدیریتی، نشانگر این موضوع است که به ترتیب، حفظ واحیای پوشش گیاهی بومی با وزن صفر، بالاترین اولویت و در صدر تحلیل سلسلهمراتبی، و سپس، مشارکت مردمی در مدیریت حوضه آبریز با وزن 119/0، احداث آببندهای کوچک به جای سدهای بزرگ با وزن 179/0، ایجاد اشتغال در بخش خدمات و صنایع دستی با وزن 196/0، ساماندهی چاههای حفرشده با وزن 312/0، کشت گیاهان مقرون به صرفه به لحاظ آب مجازی با وزن 205/0، گسترش استفاده از سیستمهای نوین آبیاری با وزن 237/0، تعیین آببهای واقعی در بخش کشاورزی با وزن 488/0، استفاده ازآب فاضلاب تصفیه شده برای آبیاری با وزن 509/0، توسعه و گسترش کشت گلخانهای و زیرپلاستیک با وزن 742/0 و در نهایت، راهکار سیمان کردن، روپوش و لولهگذاری نهرها با اختصاص وزن 1 در پایینترین میزان اولویت قرارگرفت. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| ارزیابی راهبردی محیطزیست؛ تالاب جازموریان؛ اولویتبندی؛ DPSIR | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Development of management strategies for protection and rehabilitation of Jazmourian lagoon using the VIKOR multi-criteria decision model | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mehdi Foladi1؛ Rasoul Mahdavi Najafabadi2؛ Marzeyh Rezai3؛ Hamid Moslemi4 | ||
| 1MSc Student in Natural Resources-Watershed Engineering, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Hormozgan University, Bandar Abbas, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor in Natural Resources Engineering and Geomorphology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan , Bandar Abbas, Iran | ||
| 4Ph.D. Student of Watershed Science and Engineering, Management of Watersheds, Faculty of Natural Resources, Hormozgan University, Bandar Abbas, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction: The special and critical ecological conditions of Jazmourian lagoon are considered as serious environmental challenges across the region. So, taking practical measures in this case is inevitable. To that end and in order to achieve sustainability in water resources and all the other environmental factors there, adopting sustainable and adaptive policies should be the center of any action plan. Jazmourian, with its specific structure and an area of 3300 square kilometers, is one of the seasonal lagoons located among Sistan and Baluchestan and Kerman provinces. Due to climatic changes and the construction of several dams to feed upstream rivers including Jiroft dam in Kerman Province and Karvandar dam in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, the lagoon has faced serious environmental challenges. According to the surveys, this area is considered as one of the dust centers in the southwest of Iran, and it will completely dry up in case of any continuation in drought conditions and lack of treatment measures. Lack of purposeful and capable management strategies is known as one of the destruction causes where the measures envisaged for the operation or even protection of wetlands do not lead to desired results in many cases. In addition, management of a lagoon, unlike other natural ecosystems, is significantly dependent on the upstream activities. Any development activities or resource utilization across the upstream catchments leading to a lagoon has significant consequences. Therefore, the development of action plans concerning lagoon management should be based on comprehensive approaches on a basin scale. While lagoons provide many ecosystem services, they have been subjected to high pressures across the world; it has been well documented and demonstrated in some cases. Therefore, it is necessary to do research on those areas, especially on Jazmourian, which has received less attention than other lagoons. However, in some places, due to lack of data, evaluation has not been done. A structural and comprehensive method is, thus, needed to collect and analyze the data and guide users through a comprehensive environmental assessment of the place. An action plan is also needed to highlight the lack of data and identify susceptible areas for prioritization. The aim of the present study is to comprehensively evaluate the capabilities and bottlenecks for the protection and optimal management of Jazmourian lagoon using the VIKOR multi-criteria decision model. Methodology: Library and document studies were conducted as the method of data collection in the present study and an attempt was made to control some data and to achieve some mental realization of the lagoon and its conditions. Field surveys and interviews were performed with some experienced managers and experts in lagoon management using a questionnaire. Then, through field study and observations, five effective managerial indicators were identified. Afterward, by using DPSIR indicators and the Vickor model, the data analysis and identification and prioritization of the indicators were performed, and management solutions and suggestions were adopted. Results and Discussion: The indicators of the DPSIR model are pressure, driving force, position, effect and response. The pressure index, the driving force, position, effect index and response in the model are benefited by 4, 9, 1, 5 and 12 components respectively (Table 1). The components of the DPDIR model and the average rankings of the indicators related to driving force, pressure, status, effect and response are listed in Table 2. Among the model components, the situation, pressure, response, effect and driving force sections with an average of 4.26, 4.24, 4.18, 4.07 and 3.89 are ranked from first to fifth respectively. The driving force of the component is the lack of coherent management with a score of 4.20 in the first place, the pressure of the disruption component of the upstream and downstream watershed with a score of 4.40 in the first place, the effect of the components of increasing dangerous diseases and increasing fine dust with scores of 4.60, 4.53 in the first and second ranks, the response of the component of construction of small dams instead of large ones with a score of 4.70 were in the first rank. Then, the extracted solutions were ranked using the VIKOR method. The result of VIKOR concerning the evaluation and hierarchy analysis of the management strategies revealed that maintaining and restoring native vegetation with zero weight reached the highest priority and was laid in the top of the hierarchical analysis. Then, public participation in watershed management with a weight of 0.119, construction of small dams instead of large ones with a weight of 0.179, job opportunity creation in the service and handicrafts sector with a weight of 0.196, arranging drilled wells with a weight of 0.312, cultivation of cost-effective plants in terms of virtual water with a weight of 0.205, expansion of the use of modern irrigation systems with a weight of 0.237, determination of real water prices in the agricultural sector with a weight of 0.488, the use of treated wastewater for irrigation with a weight of 0.509, development and expansion of greenhouse and sub-plastic cultivation with a weight of 0.742 and, finally, the solution of cementing, covering and piping of streams with a weight of 1 were sequentially the second priority. Conclusion: Applying ecological management (conservation approach) along with engaging the indigenous communities of the region in management processes have been presented as the best management method. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Strategic environmental assessment, Prioritization, DPSIR | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Asgharizade, E. Ehsani, R. Valipour Halabi, F. 2013. The Performance appraisal of managers By Using 360- Degrees Methods and VIKOR Technique. Journal of Industrial Management Studies, 9(29):21-48 (in Persian)
Amiri, M. 2010. Group decision making to select machine tools by using fuzzy VIKOR method. Journal of Industrial Management Studies, 6 (16):167-188( in Persian)
Atkins, J. P.; Burdon, D.; Elliott, M. & Gregory, A. J. 2011. Management of the marine environment: Integrating ecosystem services and societal benefits with the DPSIR framework in a systems approach. Marine pollution bulletin, 62(2), 215-226.
Ekhtiari, M. 2014. Introduction of an Advanced VIKOR method for Credit Rating of Customers of Banks. Journal of Industrial Management Studies, 9 (25): 179-161. (in Persian)
Foladi, M. 2019. Development of management strategies of Jazmourian wetland with emphasis on water resources using ELECTERE, WASPAS, VIKOR models. Master Thesis in Natural Resources Engineering - Watershed Management, University of Hormozgan , 107 pages(in Persian)
Foladi, M. Mahdavi Najafabadi, R. Rezai, M. Moslemi, H. 2020. Wetland Management Strategies with Emphasis On Water Resources Using, SWOT and WASPAS Models. Journal of Ecoydrology, 7(1):165-182(in Persian)
Chamani,A. Makhdoum, M.F., Jaffari,M. Khorasani,N. Cheraghi, M. 2005. Environmental Impact Assessment of Hamedan province (W. Iran) by Degradation model, Journal of Environmental Studies, 31(37), 35-44(in Persian)
Jafari Azar , S., Sabzghabaei , G. R., Tavakoly , M., & Dashti , S. (2017). Application of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods in Environmental Risk Assessment (Case Study: The International Wetland of Shadegan, Khur_e_ Omayyeh and Khur_e_Mousa Estuary). GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS, 6(4), 97-119([Persian)
Jahani Shakib, F. malekmohammade, B. Yusefi, E. Alipour,M. 2017. Developing management strategies using a new method for vulnerability assessment of wetland ecosystems (Case study: Choghakhor wetland). J.Env. Sci. Tech., 19(5):377-391 (Persian)
Khalilian, S. Khodavarizadeh, M. Kavousi Kalashmi, M..2012. Determining Preservation Value of the Ghorigol Wetland and Applying Analytic Hierarchical Process)AHP(for Distinguishing Use and Non-Use Values. Journal of Environmental Studies, 37 (60):23-34(in Persian)
Majnoonian, H., 1998. Wetlands (classification and protection of wetlands, values and functions), first edition, Environmental Protection Organization Publications, 170 p. (in Persian)
Nikouei, A., Zibaei, M. and Ward, F. A. 2012. Incentetivd to adopt irrigation water saving measures for wetlands preserving: An integrated basin scale analysis, Journal of Hydrology, 464-465: 216-232.
Opricovic , S. (1998). Multi-criteria Optimization of Civil Engineering Systems. Belgrade: Faculty of Civil Engineering.
Opricovic, S., & Tzeng, G. (2004). Compromise solution by MCDM methods: A comparative analysis of VIKOR and TOPSIS, European. Journal of Operational Research, 156(2), 445-455.
Opricovic, S., & Tzeng, G. (2007). Extended VIKOR method in comparison with outranking methods. European Journal of Operational Research, 178(2) , 514-529.
Pirrone, N.,Trombino,G.,Cinirella,S., Algieri, A., Bendoricchio, G., and Palmeri, L. (2005). The Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) approach for integrated catchment-coastal zone management: preliminary application to the Po catchment Adriatic Sea coastal zone system. Reg. Environ. Change J. 5.111–137
Saadati, S.; Motevallian, S. S.; Rheinheimer, D. E. & Najafi, H. 2013. Indicators for Sustainable Management of Wetland Ecosystems Using a DPSIR Approach: A Case Study in Iran. In proceeding of: 6th International Perspective on Water Resources & the Environment conference (IPWE 2013), At Izmir, Turkey.
Svarstad,H.,Kjerulf Petersen, L.,Rothman,D.,Sieple,H., and Wätzold,F. (2008). Discursive biases of the environmental research framework DPSIR. Landuse policy, 25. 116-125.
Sugumaran, R., Harken, J. and Gerjevic, J., 2004. Using Remote Sensing Data to Study Wetland Dynamics in Iowa, Iowa Space Grant (Seed) Final Technical Report, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, pp 1-17.
Ramsar Convention Secretariat, 2013. The Ramsar Convention Manual: a guide to the Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar, Iran, 1971), 6th ed. Ramsar Convention Secretariat, Gland, Switzerland.
Roknaddin Eftekhari, A. Mahdavi, D. 2006. The solutions of the rural tourism development with SWOT Methods (Case study: Lavasan-E-Koochak(. MJSP 2006, 10(2): 1-31 (in persian).
Tarazkar, M. H., Soltani, Gh. And Zibaei, M., 2015. Development of Environmental Protection Strategies in Sanctions (Case Study: Bakhtegan International Wetland), 3rd International Conference on Economics in Sanctions, September 2015, Babolsar(in persian).
Xu , c., Liu , M., An , S., Chen, J., & Yan , P. (2007). Assessing the impact of urbanization on regional net primary productivity in Jiangyin County, China. Journal of Environmental Management, 85(3), 597-606.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 984 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 691 |
||