بررسی اثرات تابش خورشید بر سطوح گنبد مساجد مناطق بیابانی | ||
| کاوش های جغرافیایی مناطق بیابانی | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 8، شماره 1، شهریور 1399، صفحه 215-242 اصل مقاله (1.11 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| توحید شیری1؛ کورش مؤمنی* 2 | ||
| 1کارشناس ارشد معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ساختن بناهای مذهبی در گذشته با در نظر گرفتن آسایش و راحتی کالبد بنا در برابر شرایط اقلیمی سخت منطقه، مورد توجه معماران بوده است. ساختار مساجد به عنوان یکی از بناهای مذهبی کشورمان، در اکثر نقاط اقلیمی مخصوصاً مناطق بیابانی با سقفهای گنبدی گوناگون بوده است. این پژوهش به دنبال بررسی عملکرد انواع گنبدهای مساجد مناطق بیابانی به لحاظ فرم و ابعاد در میزان جذب تابش خورشید است. بدین منظور دادههای آب و هوائی (دمای خشک و مرطوب، تابش و وضعیت تابش) از ایستگاههای هواشناسی شهرهای اصفهان و یزد طی دورهی آماری پانزده ساله (1370-1385) استخراج شدند و همچنین نقشه گنبد مساجد از طریق اسناد کتابخانهای رشته معماری دریافت شده است. در این راستا پنج نمونه از گنبد مساجد مناطق بیابانی ( مسجد امام اصفهان، میر چخماق، شیخ لطفالله، سارو تقی و مسجد علی) انتخاب گردیده و سپس گنبدها طبق ابعاد دقیق در نرمافزار رویت 2017 مدلسازی شده است تا میزان جذب تابش خورشید بر سطوح گنبدها در گرمترین روز سال در سه بازهی زمانی ساعات 14، 16و 18 برای مناطق بیابانی با استفاده از انرژی پلاس تحت موتور ردینس بدست آید. نتایج نشان داد میزان جذب تابش خورشید بر سطوح گنبدی به فرم و ابعاد آن بستگی دارد. در ساعت 14 گنبدهای با خیز بلند تقریبا 58% و گنبدهای با خیز کم 75% ، در ساعت 16 گنبدهای با خیز کم 68% و گنبدهای با خیز بلند 51% و در ساعت 18 گنبد با خیز بلند 49% و گنبد با خیز کم 46% از سطوح خود را در معرض تابش قرار میدهند. عملکرد گنبدهای خیز بلند مساجد، در گرمترین موقع روز نسبت به گنبدهای خیز کم بسیار بهینهتر میباشند زیرا گنبدهای خیز بلند در این ساعات سایهاندازی بیشتری ایجاد مینمایند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تابش خورشید؛ گنبد مساجد؛ نرم افزار رویت؛ ردینس؛ مناطق بیابانی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation of the effects of sunlight on the surface of the domes of mosques in desert areas | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Tohid Shiri1؛ Kourosh Momeni2 | ||
| 1Master of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The construction of religious buildings in the past would occur by taking into account the comfort and convenience of the building, in the face of harsh climatic conditions of the region. Mosques, as one of the religious buildings of our country, have been built everywhere in various climatic conditions, especially in desert areas with dome roofs of different shapes and sizes. This study seeks to investigate the performance of domes in desert areas in terms of form and dimensions versus the amount of sunlight absorption. For this purpose, some weather file data were obtained from the meteorological stations of Isfahan and Yazd cities. Also, the maps of the domes of the mosques were received through library documents in the field of architecture. In this regard, five examples of domes in desert areas were selected, including the domes of Imam of Isfahan, Mir Chakhmaq, Sheikh Lotfollah, Saro Taghi and Ali Mosque. Then, the domes were modeled with accurate dimensions by the 2017 Revit software. This was done to calculate the absorption of sunlight on the surfaces of the domes on the hottest days of the year at three times including 2, 4, and 6 p.m. in desert areas by the use of the energy Plus Ladybug and Honeybee plugins RADIANCE. The results showed the amount of sunlight absorption on the surfaces of the domes depends on the shape and the dimensions of the domes. At 2 o'clock p.m., domes with a high rise and domes with a low rise were exposed to the sun for 58% and 75% respectively. At 4 o'clock p.m., domes with a low rise and those with a high rise were exposed to the sun by 68% and 51%. Also, at 6 o'clock p.m., the domes with a high rise and those with a low rise had the exposures of 49% 46%. The performance of high domes is, therefore, much more optimal than that of low domes at the hottest times of the day. This is because high domes provide more shade during these hours. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Sunlight, Mosque dome, Revit software, RADIANCE, Desert areas | ||
| مراجع | ||
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