اثر تنش خشکی بر ویژگی‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی سه گونه چمن گرمسیری رایج در خشک منظر | ||
| خشک بوم | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 7، شماره 2، آبان 1396، صفحه 43-56 اصل مقاله (477.65 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.29252/aridbiom.7.2.43 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| هستی میناوی1؛ محمدرضا صالحی سلمی* 2؛ مختار حیدری3؛ اسماعیل خالقی4 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان | ||
| 2استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان | ||
| 4استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه شهید چمران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| امروزه به دلیل حفاظت از آب بهعنوان منبعی مهم از یک‌سو و نقش غیرقابل جایگزین فضای سبز از سوی دیگر ما را به سمت پذیرش رویکردی به نام خشکمنظر سوق میدهد. کاشت گیاه مناسب، مسئلهای کلیدی در خشکمنظر به‌حساب میآید و عدم درک درست از گزینش گونههای گیاهی، خود میتواند عامل شکست در اهداف صرفه‌جویی آب باشد. به‌هرحال برای دستیابی به چمن سالم و زیبا باید از گونههای مناسب برای هر منطقه استفاده شود، تا جلوه سبز آن پایدار بماند. در این پژوهش گونههای پاسپالوم (Paspalum notatum Flugge.) و زویشیا (Zoysia tenuifolia L.) با گونه برموداگراس (Cynodon dactylon L.) که یک چمن رایج در اهواز است، در شرایط تنش خشکی 50% ظرفیت مزرعه، در دو زمان مقایسه شدند و در پایان بهترین گونه برای این منطقه معرفی شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی انجام شد. فاکتور اول زمان اندازهگیری و فاکتور دوم نوع گونه بود و برای هر تیمار چهار تکرار (بلوک) درنظر گرفته شد. موارد اندازهگیری شده شامل: وزن‌تر و خشک روشاخساره، وزن‌تر و خشک‌ریشه، وزن‌تر و خشک تهشاخساره، وزن‌تر و خشک کل، میانگین عمق ریشه دهی، میزان کلروفیل a، b و کل، میزان قندهای پنتوز، هگزوز و کل، میزان عناصر کلسیم، پتاسیم و سدیم در دو زمان پس از تابستان و پس از زمستان بود. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که گونه پاسپالوم نسبت به دو گونه دیگر برتری داشت. این گونه با کاهش رشد شاخساره، که ازنظر مدیریت فضای سبز ویژگی مثبتی میباشد و همچنین افزایش رشد ریشه، مقاومت بیشتری به تنش خشکی از خود نشان داد و درنتیجه میتواند کارآیی فتوسنتزی بالاتری داشته باشد. از مکانیسمهای دیگر این گونه افزایش میزان پتاسیم و کلسیم بود، که این دو یون نقش اساسی در تنظیم اسمزی و تحمل به تنش دارند. به‌طورکلی این گونه با داشتن مکانسیمهای مختلف، سبب حفظ رشد و ثبات کلروفیل در تنش خشکی موجود در فضای سبز شهر اهواز گردید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| برموداگراس؛ پاسپالوم؛ تنش؛ زویشیا؛ عناصر غذایی؛ کیفیت ظاهری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation on Morpho-physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Three Common Turfgrasses in Xeriscaping | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| H. Minavi1؛ M.R. Salehi Salmi2؛ M. Heidari3؛ E. Khaleghi4 | ||
| 1MSc. Student, Department of Horticulture Science, Ramin University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Khoozestan, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture Science, Ramin University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Khoozestan, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture Science, Ramin University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Khoozestan, Iran | ||
| 4Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture science,Chamran University, Khoozestan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Lawns have become a central part of urban and suburban landscapes in Iran and are expanding along with urbanization. Turfgrass provides many environmental benefits, including reducing soil erosion, water runoff and leaching, contributing to carbon sequestration, moderating temperature, reducing noise, glare, and visual pollution. By selecting the appropriate plants and efficient irrigation systems, a balance can be achieved to fit aesthetic needs as well as reduce resource use. Benefits of xeriscaping include cost savings through lower water bills and a reduction in the labor needed to maintain your landscape. In this investigation zoysiagrass (Zoysia tenuifolia L.) and paspalum (Paspalum notatum Flugge.) were compared with bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.), the common turfgrass in Ahwaz. The experiment was conducted as factorial in a random complete block design with the time of assessment as the main factor and turfgrass type as the sub-factor. Each treatment had four replicates. Turfgrasses were compared by measuring rooting depth, verdure wet and dry weight, root wet and dry weight, clipping wet and dry weight, chlorophyll content, solute carbohydrates, sodium content, potassium content and calcium content. Paspalum was the best species turfgrass for xeriscape under climatic conditions of Ahwaz city. The species tolerated more drought stress through enhancement root growth and reduction of its shoot growth, a positive point for landscape managment. So, it had more photosynthesis efficiency. Another mechanism of drought tolerance in this species was increasing K+ and Ca2+ concentrations, which are of essential role in osmotic adjustment. In general, paspalum by having different mechanisms can keep up growth and photosynthesis in drought condition at ahwaz landscape. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cynodon, Nutrient elements, Paspalum, Visual quality, Zoysia | ||
| مراجع | ||
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[46] http://www.irimo.ir/far/ | ||
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