بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف شوری آب آبیاری بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد بذر ژنوتیپهای برتر گیاه رازیانه (.Foeniculum vulgare Mill) | ||
| خشک بوم | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 7، شماره 1، خرداد 1396، صفحه 67-78 اصل مقاله (303.53 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.29252/aridbiom.7.1.67 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| لیلی صفایی* 1؛ سعید دوازده امامی2؛ غلامحسن رنجبر3؛ داوود افیونی4 | ||
| 1مربی پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات ملی شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی- باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان ، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور بررسی اثر شوری آب آبیاری بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد بذر گیاه رازیانه، تحقیقی در سال‌های زراعی 1393-1391، در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان به صورت کرتهای یکبار خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک کامل تصادفی و 3 تکرار انجام شد. در این پژوهش 4 ژنوتیپ برتر رازیانه شامل دو ژنوتیپ بومی همدان و لرستان و دو ژنوتیپ اروپایی 11486 و P11-820065 در 3 تیمار شوری آب آبیاری صفر (شاهد)، 5 و 8 دسیزیمنس بر متر بررسی شد. صفات مورد مطالعه عبارت بودند از تعداد گل‌آذین (چتر مرکب)، تعداد چترک، تعداد بذر در چترک، وزن بذر گل‌آذین، عملکرد بذر در هکتار، وزن هزار دانه، میانگین ارتفاع گیاه در زمان 50 درصد و 100 درصد گلدهی، نسبت وزن خشک به تر، روز تا 50 درصد گلدهی، روز تا رسیدگی کامل، وزن خشک اندام هوایی، درصد اسانس و عملکرد اسانس. نتایج نشان داد که اثر شوری بر همه صفات به استثناء درصد اسانس در سطح یک درصد معنی‌دار بود. همچنین اثر ژنوتیپ تنها بر تعداد بذر در چترک و عملکرد بذر معنی‌دار نبود. برهمکنش شوری در ژنوتیپ بر همه صفات به استثناء درصد اسانس معنی‌دار شد. ژنوتیپ P11-820065 بیشترین عملکرد بذر و عملکرد اسانس را (به ترتیب 8/2359 و 4/91 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار شاهد به خود اختصاص داد. هرچند با افزایش شوری ژنوتیپ های بومی از عملکرد بالاتری برخوردار بودند و ژنوتیپ لرستان به ترتیب با 1463 و 4/38 کیلوگرم در هکتار عملکرد بذر و اسانس در رده اول قرار گرفت. روابط همبستگی نشان داد که عملکرد بذر در هکتار همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری با عملکرد اسانس (90/0) و عملکرد علوفه (73/0) در هکتار دارد. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که تنش شوری باعث افت عملکرد اقتصادی گیاه یعنی عملکرد بذر و اسانس و همچنین عملکرد علوفه میگردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| شوری؛ آبیاری؛ رازیانه؛ بذر؛ اجزاء عملکرد؛ اسانس | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of water salinity on seed yield and seed yield components of miracle genotypes of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| L. Safaei1؛ S. Davazdahemami2؛ G. H. Ranjbar3؛ D. Afiuni4 | ||
| 1Instructor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Iranian National Salinity Research Center, AREEO, Yazd, Iran | ||
| 4Assistant Professor, Horticulture Crops Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to study the effects of water salinity on fennel seed yield and seed yield components, an experiment was conducted at Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center of Isfahan in a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replicates, during 2012- 2014. Four superior Foeniculum vulgare genotypes (Lorestan, Hamedan, P11- 820065 and 11486) in three treatments (control, 5 and 8 dS/m) were investigated. Number of inflorescences and umbels, seeds per umblets, seed yield, weight of 1000 seeds, plants height in 50% flowering and 100% flowering time, dry weight of plant aerial parts, plant dry weight/wet weight, days until 50% flowering and maturing time, percentage of essential oil and essential oil yield were evaluated. Results showed that the effect of salinity was significant on all traits with the exception of essential oil percentage. Effect of genotype wasn’t significant on seed per umblet and seed yield. Interactions of salinity and genotype were significant on all traits except for essential oil percentage. In control treatment P11- 820065 had the highest seed yield and essential oil yield (2359.8 and 91.5 kg/ha, respectively) but by increasing in salinity levels, seed yield of native genotypes was higher than P11- 820065 and Lorestan was the superior genotype with 1463 and 4/38 kg/ha, respectively. There was a positive correlation between seed yield with essential oil and forage yields. Based on the results, salinity stress decreased the seed, essential oil and herbage yield economically. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Water salinity, Fennel, seed, Yield components, Essential oil | ||
| مراجع | ||
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