راهبردهای تنوع زیست‌فرهنگی در ذخیره‌گاه زیست‌کره هامون | ||
| خشک بوم | ||
| دوره 13، شماره 1، اردیبهشت 1402، صفحه 83-95 اصل مقاله (845.03 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.29252/aridbiom.2023.20750.1966 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محسن تیرافکن1؛ علیرضا میکائیلی‌تبریزی* 2؛ سیدمهدی امینی‌نسب3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در ذخیره‌گاه‌های زیست‌کره، تنوع زیست‌فرهنگی به‌عنوان کلید روابط بین فرهنگ و طبیعت مطرح می‌شود. استفاده از روش‌های متفاوت مدیریت راهبردی از جمله SWOT میتواند حفاظت پایدار ذخیره‌گاه زیست‌کره را تضمین کند. هدف این پژوهش، کاربرد مدل SWOT در شناسایی راهبردهای ذخیره‌گاه زیست‌کره هامون در جنوب‌شرق ایران است. برای این کار با توزیع 30 پرسشنامه بین کارشناسان منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، عوامل داخلی و خارجی تأثیرگذار بر تنوع زیست فرهنگی ذخیره‌گاه مشخص شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که از بین عوامل داخلی، بیشترین نقطه قوّت و ضعف را به ترتیب وجود گودال‌های آبی و واقع‌شدن در منطقه خشک تشکیل می‌دهد. از بین عوامل خارجی، بیشترین امتیاز فرصت و تهدید را به ترتیب مدیریت روابط بین انسان و طبیعت در ذخیره‌گاه و وابستگی تالاب به منابع آبی خارج از کشور و عدم‌تعهد کشور افغانستان به حق‌آبه تالاب به خود اختصاص داد. مجموع امتیازات ماتریس‌های ارزیابی عوامل داخلی 05/3 و عوامل خارجی 71/2 محاسبه شد. این امتیاز برای تهدیدات و ضعف‌ها 91/2 بوده که بیشتر از امتیاز قوّت‌ها و فرصت‌ها 84/2 بوده است. با توجه به امتیاز بالاتر تهدیدات و ضعف‌ها نسبت به قوّت‌ها و فرصت‌ها، راهبردهای تدافعی (WT) به عنوان بهترین راهبرد پیشنهاد شد. ارائه طرح حفاظتی بر اساس الگوهای ذخیره‌گاه‌های زیست‌کره، تهیه برنامه مدیریت یکپارچه زیست‌فرهنگی و هماهنگ در خصوص سیاست‌ها و تصمیم‌گیری‌ها بین دستگاه‌های اجرایی ذی‌نفع، تهیه و اجرای طرح مدیریت جامع منابع آب به منظور احیای تالاب های هامون و بالابردن آگاهی مردم و جوامع محلی در خصوص ارزش‌های زیست فرهنگی ذخیره‌گاه زیست‌کره هامون از مهم‌ترین راهبردهای تدافعی پیشنهادی بوده است. افزون بر آن، راهبردهای تهاجمی (SO)، رقابتی (ST) و محافظه‌کارانه (WO) نیز در اولویت‌های بعدی ارائه شد. اجرای این راهبردها میتواند در مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی فعلی و آینده تنوع زیست‌فرهنگی و تصمیم‌گیری و سیاستگذاری مؤثرتر ذخیره‌گاه زیست‌کره هامون کمک نماید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ذخیره‌گاه زیست‌کره؛ هامون؛ تنوع زیست‌فرهنگی؛ برنامه‌ریزی راهبردی؛ SWOT | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Biocultural diversity strategies in Hamoon biosphere reserve | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohsen Tirafkan1؛ Alireza Mikaeili Tabrizi2؛ Seyed Mehdi Amininasab3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student of environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In biosphere reserves, biocultural diversity is proposed as the key to the relationship between culture and nature. The use of different methods of strategic management, including SWOT, can ensure the sustainable conservation of the biosphere reserve. The purpose of this research is the application of SWOT model in identifying internal and external strategic factors and strategies of Hamoon biosphere reserve in Southeastern of Iran. For this, internal and external effective factors on biocultural diversity of Hamoon biosphere reserve were developed by distributing 30 questionnaires among natural resources and environment experts. The results showed that among the internal factors, the strongest and weaknesses were the presence of water pits and being located in a dry area, respectively. Among the external factors, the highest points of opportunities and threats were assigned to the management of the relationship between man and nature in the biosphere reserve and the dependence of the wetland on water resources outside the country and the non-commitment of the country of Afghanistan to the water rights of the wetland. The total score of internal factors assessment matrices is equal to 3.05 and the score of external factors is 2.71, also the total score of threats and weaknesses (2.91) is more than the scores of strengths and opportunities (2.84). Due to the greater score of threats and weaknesses compared to strengths and opportunities, defensive strategies are suggested as the best strategies for our study area. Presentation of conservation plans based on the patterns of biosphere reserves, preparation of integrated and consonant biocultural management in relation with policies and decisions between performance organisations, preparation and performance of comprehensive plan of water resources for Hamoon wetland restoration and raising of people awareness and local communities on biocultural values of Hamoon biosphere reserve are the most important suggested defensive strategies. Furthermore, offensive (SO), competitive (ST) and conservative strategies (WO) are presented in the next priorities. These strategies can help in the current and future management and planning of biocultural diversity and more effective decision-making and policy-making of the Hamoon biosphere reserve. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biosphere reserve, Hamoon, Biocultural diversity, Strategic planning, SWOT | ||
| مراجع | ||
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